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	<title>Comments on: Muslin, &#8220;muslins&#8221; &amp; protos</title>
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	<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/</link>
	<description>How to start a clothing line or run the one you have, better.</description>
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		<title>By: Fashion Incubator » What’s a prototype and when do you need one?</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-48676</link>
		<dc:creator>Fashion Incubator » What’s a prototype and when do you need one?</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Oct 2011 21:28:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-48676</guid>
		<description>[...] about what is a prototype can be answered in my book or in a post I wrote five years ago called Muslin, “muslins” &amp; protos or in the post I wrote last year called the 13 different kinds of samples. I’m thinking we [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] about what is a prototype can be answered in my book or in a post I wrote five years ago called Muslin, “muslins” &#038; protos or in the post I wrote last year called the 13 different kinds of samples. I’m thinking we [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Fashion Incubator » The 13 different kinds of samples</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-33546</link>
		<dc:creator>Fashion Incubator » The 13 different kinds of samples</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Apr 2011 00:38:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-33546</guid>
		<description>[...] Sample name: Muslin Synonyms: dummy, mock-up, drape Explanation: This is a concept sample, often a rough rendition of a drape sewn together. Used primarily by designers who prefer to convey design ideas in actual fabric as part of their creation process instead of drawing a sketch. Or, they have an idea but can’t articulate it so they put fabric to mannequin instead. Also see. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Sample name: Muslin Synonyms: dummy, mock-up, drape Explanation: This is a concept sample, often a rough rendition of a drape sewn together. Used primarily by designers who prefer to convey design ideas in actual fabric as part of their creation process instead of drawing a sketch. Or, they have an idea but can’t articulate it so they put fabric to mannequin instead. Also see. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Rene</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5069</link>
		<dc:creator>Rene</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 31 May 2008 04:00:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5069</guid>
		<description>Thank you for the advice. I  purchased your book (very, very helpfull) as well as a pattern making book.  Hopefully I can manage to merge artist and the engineer with time and study. Is there a trade pattern making book you would recommend?  Do you think it is still possible to make a career creating one off and custom clothing?   Still learning.

Rene
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thank you for the advice. I  purchased your book (very, very helpfull) as well as a pattern making book.  Hopefully I can manage to merge artist and the engineer with time and study. Is there a trade pattern making book you would recommend?  Do you think it is still possible to make a career creating one off and custom clothing?   Still learning.</p>
<p>Rene</p>
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		<title>By: Kathleen</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5068</link>
		<dc:creator>Kathleen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 May 2007 18:52:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5068</guid>
		<description>Hi Rene
&lt;i&gt;Is it unheard of to sell your prototype as is?&lt;/i&gt;
No.

&lt;i&gt;How would you recommend pricing that way?&lt;/i&gt;
It&#039;s like anything, it&#039;s only worth what someone is willing to pay for it. That said, it&#039;d sell for less than if you had a paper pattern to go with it. My book (more below) explains your responsibilities and the expectations of industry.

&lt;i&gt;Everything I make is made from draping.  Would you recommend drafting a paper pattern from my prototype? What is the greatest reason for that?&lt;/i&gt;
You&#039;ll get a better return for a pattern. With a pattern, the design can be &quot;proven&quot;. A one-off drape may be lovely but not manufacturable. Ideally, you&#039;d make a sample from the rendered pattern as a proof.

&lt;i&gt;My current job is apprenticing for a luthiar, so I have a good sense of how to draft a pattern from prototypes. I have sewing experience and a growing knowledge of fabric.&lt;/i&gt;

~gentle chuckle~ I have vast experience (beyond apprenticeship) in making patterns but I&#039;d never imagine I could do the work of a luthier, much less have the skills to design something appropriate for a guitar manufacturing environment :). Even highly skilled one-off custom clothiers don&#039;t have the skill set to produce patterns for apparel manufacturing. These can be acquired tho. Since you have the interest, consider getting a pattern making book to explore the option (don&#039;t buy something cheap, get a trade title). Similarly, if you plan to design for manufacture (and you are if you&#039;re wanting to sell the drapes and designs), I&#039;d recommend buying my book which is an orientation to the industry, explaining all that is expected of you as well as standard practices common to the industry. The book is available in the upper left side bar.

&lt;i&gt;I prefer to work as a freelance artist.&lt;/i&gt;
Pattern makers are more akin to engineers than artists :)
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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi Rene<br />
<i>Is it unheard of to sell your prototype as is?</i><br />
No.</p>
<p><i>How would you recommend pricing that way?</i><br />
It&#8217;s like anything, it&#8217;s only worth what someone is willing to pay for it. That said, it&#8217;d sell for less than if you had a paper pattern to go with it. My book (more below) explains your responsibilities and the expectations of industry.</p>
<p><i>Everything I make is made from draping.  Would you recommend drafting a paper pattern from my prototype? What is the greatest reason for that?</i><br />
You&#8217;ll get a better return for a pattern. With a pattern, the design can be &#8220;proven&#8221;. A one-off drape may be lovely but not manufacturable. Ideally, you&#8217;d make a sample from the rendered pattern as a proof.</p>
<p><i>My current job is apprenticing for a luthiar, so I have a good sense of how to draft a pattern from prototypes. I have sewing experience and a growing knowledge of fabric.</i></p>
<p>~gentle chuckle~ I have vast experience (beyond apprenticeship) in making patterns but I&#8217;d never imagine I could do the work of a luthier, much less have the skills to design something appropriate for a guitar manufacturing environment <img src='http://www.fashion-incubator.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> . Even highly skilled one-off custom clothiers don&#8217;t have the skill set to produce patterns for apparel manufacturing. These can be acquired tho. Since you have the interest, consider getting a pattern making book to explore the option (don&#8217;t buy something cheap, get a trade title). Similarly, if you plan to design for manufacture (and you are if you&#8217;re wanting to sell the drapes and designs), I&#8217;d recommend buying my book which is an orientation to the industry, explaining all that is expected of you as well as standard practices common to the industry. The book is available in the upper left side bar.</p>
<p><i>I prefer to work as a freelance artist.</i><br />
Pattern makers are more akin to engineers than artists <img src='http://www.fashion-incubator.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>By: Rene</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5067</link>
		<dc:creator>Rene</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 May 2007 04:25:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5067</guid>
		<description>Is it unheard of to sell your prototype as is?  How would you recommend pricing that way?  Everything I make is made from draping.  Would you recommend drafting a paper pattern from my prototype?  What is the greatest reason for that?  I am a self taught artist (painting, drawing, digital photography,  hair and make up artistry, costume styling, and am learning many new arts and computer programs )

My current job is apprenticing for a luthiar, so I have a good sense of how to draft a pattern from prototypes.  Although I have been working with wood and metal I have sewing experience and a growing knowledge of fabric. I prefer to work as a freelance artist. Any advice would be greatly appreciated. I am in the dark with the terminology but I learn quickly.
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Is it unheard of to sell your prototype as is?  How would you recommend pricing that way?  Everything I make is made from draping.  Would you recommend drafting a paper pattern from my prototype?  What is the greatest reason for that?  I am a self taught artist (painting, drawing, digital photography,  hair and make up artistry, costume styling, and am learning many new arts and computer programs )</p>
<p>My current job is apprenticing for a luthiar, so I have a good sense of how to draft a pattern from prototypes.  Although I have been working with wood and metal I have sewing experience and a growing knowledge of fabric. I prefer to work as a freelance artist. Any advice would be greatly appreciated. I am in the dark with the terminology but I learn quickly.</p>
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		<title>By: Ashwini</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5066</link>
		<dc:creator>Ashwini</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 31 Jan 2007 17:42:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5066</guid>
		<description>Hello,
I am trying to make diaper bags. Can you direct me as to where I can get a protype made in the SF bay area.
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hello,<br />
I am trying to make diaper bags. Can you direct me as to where I can get a protype made in the SF bay area.</p>
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		<title>By: J C Sprowls</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5065</link>
		<dc:creator>J C Sprowls</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 08 Nov 2006 05:39:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5065</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m interested to hear Kathleen&#039;s take on this, too...

At first blush, I would say: &quot;as long as it takes&quot;. But, there is a practical business aspect to managing your R&amp;D, too. I believe your &lt;i&gt;risk tolerance&lt;/i&gt; is based on the anticipated return on the investment.

Start with the end in mind... Let&#039;s say the target is 1,000 pieces at $70 wholesale (i.e. gross sales = $70,000). The cost to cut &amp; sew 1,000 pieces is, say: $17,500. Inputs and materials cost: $30,000. Your realized cashflow would be appx: $22,500 (if everyone pays on time - I recommend you reduce this number by at least 30% to give yourself cushion for slow pays).

Somewhere between $0 and $22,500 is where your R&amp;D + overhead + salaries + reserves need to cost. Based on these numbers, I would say the inital R&amp;D budget (i.e. sourcing, style development, pattern development, and protypes) should probably be capped at $5,000 - both sweat equity and hard cash. If you pay yourself $25/hr (and exercise the law of thirds), that equates to less than 65 hours of your time divided among: sourcing, designing, patternmaking, and sample making activities.

In my opinion, if the pattern making aspect looks like it would take more than 12-15 hours, I would say the design wasn&#039;t efficient enough to support this sales target. If the design can be engineered in such a way to reduce the cut &amp; sew costs, material utilization or costs, or the operational overhead, it might have a chance. Otherwise, I would set that sketch aside and pull down another one and perform the same top-down estimate.

The most successful business people recognize potential when they see it. And, frankly, potential is abundant. Developing the fine skill of discernment (i.e. determining what, how much, and when to invest) requires patience, time, and practice.
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m interested to hear Kathleen&#8217;s take on this, too&#8230;</p>
<p>At first blush, I would say: &#8220;as long as it takes&#8221;. But, there is a practical business aspect to managing your R&#038;D, too. I believe your <i>risk tolerance</i> is based on the anticipated return on the investment.</p>
<p>Start with the end in mind&#8230; Let&#8217;s say the target is 1,000 pieces at $70 wholesale (i.e. gross sales = $70,000). The cost to cut &#038; sew 1,000 pieces is, say: $17,500. Inputs and materials cost: $30,000. Your realized cashflow would be appx: $22,500 (if everyone pays on time &#8211; I recommend you reduce this number by at least 30% to give yourself cushion for slow pays).</p>
<p>Somewhere between $0 and $22,500 is where your R&#038;D + overhead + salaries + reserves need to cost. Based on these numbers, I would say the inital R&#038;D budget (i.e. sourcing, style development, pattern development, and protypes) should probably be capped at $5,000 &#8211; both sweat equity and hard cash. If you pay yourself $25/hr (and exercise the law of thirds), that equates to less than 65 hours of your time divided among: sourcing, designing, patternmaking, and sample making activities.</p>
<p>In my opinion, if the pattern making aspect looks like it would take more than 12-15 hours, I would say the design wasn&#8217;t efficient enough to support this sales target. If the design can be engineered in such a way to reduce the cut &#038; sew costs, material utilization or costs, or the operational overhead, it might have a chance. Otherwise, I would set that sketch aside and pull down another one and perform the same top-down estimate.</p>
<p>The most successful business people recognize potential when they see it. And, frankly, potential is abundant. Developing the fine skill of discernment (i.e. determining what, how much, and when to invest) requires patience, time, and practice.</p>
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		<title>By: laurra</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5064</link>
		<dc:creator>laurra</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 08 Nov 2006 04:00:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5064</guid>
		<description>Hi
? How long should one labor to complete a pattern for a difficult dress to a plain style.
Mabel Erwin states (Practical Dress Design 1933)55 hours complex and 16 hours for a simple outfit.
Does this sound about right Kathleen     laurra
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi<br />
? How long should one labor to complete a pattern for a difficult dress to a plain style.<br />
Mabel Erwin states (Practical Dress Design 1933)55 hours complex and 16 hours for a simple outfit.<br />
Does this sound about right Kathleen     laurra</p>
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		<title>By: La BellaDonna</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5063</link>
		<dc:creator>La BellaDonna</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Nov 2006 16:42:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5063</guid>
		<description>I should clarify that the felts that I&#039;ve used to test-fit patterns for leathers have been wool felts, or wool-blend felts, and they have been of a similar weight, with similar properties, to the leathers I was going to be working with.

&lt;b&gt;Jinjer,&lt;/b&gt; do you get your silk crepes from places where you can get a break buying in bulk?  I know the idea of buying silk crepe in &quot;bulk&quot; is a little cringe-making, but places such as Dharma Trading, Thai Silks, Exotic Silks, etc. might be a good place to start, if you don&#039;t buy from them already.  A plain and/or undyed silk crepe might not behave exactly like a printed silk crepe, but it will be closer than a rayon challis.
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I should clarify that the felts that I&#8217;ve used to test-fit patterns for leathers have been wool felts, or wool-blend felts, and they have been of a similar weight, with similar properties, to the leathers I was going to be working with.</p>
<p><b>Jinjer,</b> do you get your silk crepes from places where you can get a break buying in bulk?  I know the idea of buying silk crepe in &#8220;bulk&#8221; is a little cringe-making, but places such as Dharma Trading, Thai Silks, Exotic Silks, etc. might be a good place to start, if you don&#8217;t buy from them already.  A plain and/or undyed silk crepe might not behave exactly like a printed silk crepe, but it will be closer than a rayon challis.</p>
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		<title>By: Andrew</title>
		<link>http://www.fashion-incubator.com/archive/muslin_muslins_protos/comment-page-1/#comment-5062</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 2006 18:14:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.fashion-incubator.com/2006/11/muslin_muslins_protos/#comment-5062</guid>
		<description>Using fabrics other than muslin [a.k.a calico in the UK] is standard practice in all of the places in Europe that I&#039;ve worked. Patternmaking companies and manufacturers will expect a sample cut to make up a first sample or toile in or will subsitute something similar themselves if it&#039;s fairly generic. I know of one company [a very big one that I&#039;m not allowed to name unfortunately] that actually selects new fabrics seasonally by sampling a similar style from a previous season. This is done to see how that fabric performs [or doesn&#039;t] in the manufacturing process. It always amused me to see rails of coats with notes from the manufacturers attached - &quot;not ideal, reacts badly to steam&quot;, &quot;ideal, perfect&quot;, &quot;presses poorly&quot; etc. Invariably, these samples ended up being bought [and loved] by the company staff for knockdown prices in the warehouse sales.
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Using fabrics other than muslin [a.k.a calico in the UK] is standard practice in all of the places in Europe that I&#8217;ve worked. Patternmaking companies and manufacturers will expect a sample cut to make up a first sample or toile in or will subsitute something similar themselves if it&#8217;s fairly generic. I know of one company [a very big one that I'm not allowed to name unfortunately] that actually selects new fabrics seasonally by sampling a similar style from a previous season. This is done to see how that fabric performs [or doesn't] in the manufacturing process. It always amused me to see rails of coats with notes from the manufacturers attached &#8211; &#8220;not ideal, reacts badly to steam&#8221;, &#8220;ideal, perfect&#8221;, &#8220;presses poorly&#8221; etc. Invariably, these samples ended up being bought [and loved] by the company staff for knockdown prices in the warehouse sales.</p>
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